Fig. 2.

Rapid divergence and uniqueness of gut microbiomes of US humans. (A) Correlation between BCD among genus-level compositions of wild ape microbiomes and host divergence times. Black crosses represent comparisons within and between wild ape species, gray crosses represent comparisons between either Malawi humans or Venezuela humans and wild apes, and blue crosses represent comparisons between US humans and wild apes, with vertical lines in each cross representing 95% CIs. Shaded blue bars correspond to the differences between the observed dissimilarity in the microbiomes of US humans and wild apes and the expected dissimilarity based on divergence times. (B) Principal coordinates plot of genus-level BCDs among human and ape microbiomes. Colored shapes correspond to microbiomes of human and wild ape populations, as indicated in the key.