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. 2014 Nov 20;14:136. doi: 10.1186/1471-2415-14-136

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© Oh et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Apogeotropic canaloithiasis in the short arm of the right horizontal semicircular canal. It can cause ampullopetal endolymphatic migration, which induces ipsilesional (opposite directional) lying-down nystagmus (A, B). It can also lead to the contralesional (opposite directional) head-bending nystagmus (A, C). (Adapted from reference [23]: G. Asprella-Libonati. Pseudo-Spontaneous Nystagmus: a new sign to diagnose the affected side in Lateral Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale, Figure one, three 2008, 28(2):73–78., with permission, Copyright © by Società Italiana di Otorinolaringologia e Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale Via Luigi Pigorini, 6/3 00162 Roma, Italy).