Table 1.

Delirium risk factors in falls versus non-falls

	No-fall control % (n) (N=201)	Fall % (n) (N=67)	Odds ratio* 95% confidence interval
Characteristics
Age	74.4 (9.8)	74.4 (9.8)	N/A
Male	99.0 (199)	100.0 (67)	N/A
Ward (non-ICU)	83.6 (168)	83.6 (56)	N/A
Altered consciousness
Abnormal mRASS	12.4 (25)	28.4 (19)	2.8 (1.3–5.8)
Delirium risk factors
Impaired cognitive performance	61.2 (123)	73.1 (49)	1.7 (0.9–3.4)
CIB abnormal‡	39.4 (61/155)	49.1 (28/57)	1.5 (0.8–2.7)
MOYB incorrect	50.8 (102)	67.2 (45)	2.0 (1.1–3.7)
DOWB incorrect‖	13.2 (25/189)	28.1 (18)	2.6 (1.2–5.4)
Sensory impairment
Vision deficit	35.8 (72)	32.8 (22)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)
Dehydration
BUN/CR >18	62.2 (125)	64.2 (43)	1.1 (0.6–2.0)

Notes:

^*Odds ratio between no-fall control group and fall group.

^‡Missing 46 from the no-fall control and ten from the fall group.

^‖Missing nine from the no-fall control group and three from the fall group. Due to the qualitative nature of the study, the CIB and DOWB were not collected on all patients.

Abbreviations: BUN/CR, blood urea nitrogen/creatinine; CIB, Clock-in-the-Box; DOWB, Days of the Week Backward; ICU, intensive care unit; MOYB, Months of the Year Backward; mRASS, modified Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale; N/A, not applicable.