Ediacaran rangeomorph fossils and their 3D L-system models. (A and B) Avalofractus abaculus. A reproduced with permission from ref. 4, figure 3.1. (C and D) Charnia masoni. (C) South Australia Museum specimen number P36574, described in ref. 44, image courtesy of Jim Gehling (South Australian Museum, Adelaide, Australia). (Scale bars, 1 cm.)