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. 2014 Nov 5;88(12):2135–2190. doi: 10.1007/s00204-014-1382-8

Table 10.

Representative cytochrome P450 (CYP) activitiesa in human skin and human reconstructed skin modelsb

Activity (preferential for) Skin EpiDerm™ Episkin™ Episkin™ FTM SkinEthik™ RHE Phenion® FT StrataTest®
AHH (CYP1 family) 0.24–1.35d
EROD (CYP1 family)

bd-35d

3.0 ± 1.2g

bd/1.7 ± 0.8f 7.8 ± 0.4g 2.6 ± 0.3g 2.8 ± 0.9g bd <1d
MROD (CYP1A2) bd to + bd/0.7 ± 0.3f
PROD (CYP2B6) bd to bq bd/bd bd <4d
MFCOD (CYP1/2, especially 2C9)

bd

~≤0.5g

bd/bd ~≤0.5g ~≤0.5g ~≤0.5g
BROD (CYP2B/3A) bd bd <1d
Tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation (CYP2C9) 0.46 ± 0.05e
Bufuralol bd
1-Hydroxylation (CYP2D6)
Chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation (CYP2E1) 2.83 ± 0.34e
Para-nitrophenol hydroxylation (CYP2E1) bd/+
Midazolam 1-hydroxylation (CYP3A4) 2.35 ± 0.23e
BQOD (CYP3A) bd-76 ± 41d 94 ± 13d/5.5 ± 0.9f
Erythromycin N-demethylase (CYP3A) +

More examples and references in the text

AHH aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, phenolic benzo[a]pyrene metabolites determined with 3-hydroxy-benzo[a]pyrene as standard, bd below detection, BROD 7-benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase, BQOD benzyloxyquinoline O-dealkylase, ECOD 7-ethoxycoumarin O-dealkylase, EROD 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase, MFCOD 7-methoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin O-dealkylase, MROD 7-methoxyresorufin O-deethylase, PROD 7-pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase

aConstitutive; number after slash: induced (highest reported induced activity)

bFor description of the reconstructed human skin models, see Table 1

cPrimary keratinocytes in culture (“NHEC,” “normal human epithelial keratinocytes”)

dpmol/min/mg microsomal protein

epmol/h/mg microsomal protein

fpmol/min/mg intact model protein

gpmol of products/6 h/mg protein (sum of 7,500g supernatant + medium)