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. 2014 Nov 19;14:381. doi: 10.1186/s12884-014-0381-3

Table 3.

Immediate newborn care practices in the quality of maternal and newborn health care survey, 2010 and 2012

Regional hospitals Health centers and dispensaries All facilities
2010 N = 168 (%) 2012 N = 317 (%) Percent change p-value 2010 N = 251 (%) 2012 N = 187 (%) Percent change p-value 2010 N = 419 (%) 2012 N = 504 (%) Percent change p-value
Immediately places newborn on the mother's abdomen 72 (43) 241 (76) 33% <0.0001 93 (37) 144 (77) 40% <0.0001 165 (40) 385 (77) 37% <0.0001
Immediately dries baby with towel 158 (94) 301 (95) 1% 0.8 210 (84) 181 (97) 13% <0.0001 368 (88) 482 (95) 7% 0.0001
Discards wet towel and covers with dry towel 158 (94) 304 (96) 2% 0.4 213 (85) 181 (97) 12% <0.0001 371 (89) 485 (96) 6% <0.0001
Cuts cord with clean blade 168 (100) 317 (100) 0% 1 251 (100) 187 (100) 0% 1 419 (100) 504 (100) 0% 1
Helps initiate breastfeeding within one hour 67 (40) 263 (83) 43% <0.0001 138 (55) 163 (87) 32% <0.0001 205 (49) 401 (80) 31% <0.0001
Ties or clamps cord when pulsations stop, or by 2–3 minutes after birth (not immediately after birth) 123 (73) 270 (85) 12% 0.001 183 (73) 155 (83) 10% 0.01 306 (73) 425 (84) 11% <0.0001
Index score for overall quality of immediate newborn care* 49 (29) 235 (74) 45% <0.0001 113 (45) 135 (72) 27% <0.0001 162 (39) 370 (73) 34% <0.0001

*The index score is based on four indicators: 1) immediately drying the newborn, 2) placing the newborn skin-to-skin, 3) cutting the umbilical cord cleanly, and 4) breastfeeding within one hour.

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