Table 3.

Gender variations in shared latrine cleaning

Male		Female
Positive aspects	Negative aspects	Positive aspects	Negative aspects
• Men more than women can be co-opted in maintenance that is beyond cleaning	• Limited role in child care which is primary household sanitation and hygiene	• Mainly take on child care which involves a lot of toilet training	• Lack resources for cleaning and maintenance
• Willing to clean shared latrines for payment	• Cleaning of latrines and hygiene culturally seen as female roles	• Want to show their men that they are clean
	• Think they are meant to deal with ‘out of home’ and ‘hard affairs’ and not the ‘soft’ aspects like sanitation	• Society thinks that women should mind domestic sanitation problems
	• Peer pressure is for outward standards than private standards such as household hygiene	• Tend to be more mindful of latrine status.
		•Peer pressure to sustain some hygiene standards works to keep latrines clean
		• Women most likely to discuss hygiene and sanitation since they stay home (social groups among women)