Table 2.

Strategies to increase facilitators and decrease barriers to integration, corresponding with the study findings

Strategies that may enhance TCA integration for essential health services delivery, based on our findings	Strategies that promote Facilitators				Strategies that remove Barriers
	Collegiality	Stature	Personal initiative	Personal experience	Fragmentation	Isolation	Lack of trust/awareness	Inadequate infrastructure/resources
High-level political will required for all strategies
Case documentation and sharing across systems, and in the academic literature		✓	✓	✓		✓	✓
Routine opportunities for interaction and collaboration across systems (eg, health camps, health promotion drives)	✓			✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
Routine opportunities for interaction within co-located facilities (eg, staff meetings)	✓			✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
Rewards for the integrative initiative of individuals (eg, challenge grants or institutional recognition)	✓	✓	✓	✓
Rewards for the integrative initiative at the systems or facility level (eg, joint targets such as the number of monthly referrals, number of cases resolved jointly)		✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
Guidelines for collaboration (criteria and conditions for cross-referral, jointly developed by practitioners, non-clinical aspects of work together, including health promotion and managerial duties)				✓	✓	✓	✓	✓