Table 2.
Meta-analysis results of endpoints from all available studies
| Measured outcome | Studies (n) | Patients (n) | OR, WMD, or HR | 95%CI | P |
Heterogeneity test |
Pr >|z| | ||
| I2 | P | ||||||||
| Operative outcomes | |||||||||
| Operative time | 13 | 2300 | 57.06 | 41.87 | 72.25 | < 0.00001 | 90% | < 0.00001 | 0.502 |
| Intraoperative blood loss | 11 | 2064 | -137.87 | -164.41 | -111.33 | < 0.00001 | 90% | < 0.00001 | 0.533 |
| PO outcomes | |||||||||
| PO analgesic consumption | 4 | 441 | -1.94 | -2.50 | -1.38 | < 0.00001 | 77% | 0.005 | 0.308 |
| Time to first ambulation | 5 | 977 | -1.03 | -1.90 | -0.16 | 0.02 | 97% | < 0.00001 | 1.000 |
| Time to first flatus | 9 | 1588 | -0.98 | -1.30 | -0.66 | < 0.00001 | 89% | < 0.00001 | 0.536 |
| Time to first oral intake | 6 | 987 | -0.85 | -1.67 | -0.03 | 0.04 | 86% | < 0.00001 | 1.000 |
| Length of PO hospital day | 10 | 1782 | -3.08 | -4.38 | -1.78 | < 0.00001 | 88% | < 0.00001 | 0.721 |
| Overall morbidity | 13 | 2284 | 0.78 | 0.61 | 0.99 | 0.04 | 14% | 0.30 | 0.161 |
| Anastomotic stenosis | 12 | 2108 | 0.89 | 0.36 | 2.16 | 0.79 | 0% | 0.74 | 0.308 |
| Anastomotic leakage | 13 | 2284 | 0.74 | 0.36 | 1.50 | 0.40 | 0% | 0.80 | 1.000 |
| Duodenal stump leakage | 13 | 2284 | 1.12 | 0.42 | 3.01 | 0.82 | 0% | 0.83 | 1.000 |
| Pancreatic fistula/ pancreatitis | 13 | 2284 | 0.75 | 0.37 | 1.52 | 0.42 | 0% | 0.91 | 0.308 |
| Intra-abdominal bleeding | 13 | 2284 | 0.99 | 0.41 | 2.38 | 0.98 | 0% | 0.83 | 1.000 |
| Ileus | 12 | 2108 | 0.56 | 0.21 | 1.46 | 0.23 | 0% | 0.73 | 1.000 |
| Wound problems | 13 | 2284 | 0.56 | 0.34 | 0.93 | 0.03 | 0% | 0.66 | 0.152 |
| Pneumonia | 13 | 2284 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 0.71 | 0.002 | 17% | 0.29 | 1.000 |
| Reoperation | 7 | 1289 | 1.58 | 0.58 | 4.31 | 0.37 | 0% | 0.63 | 1.000 |
| Mortality | 13 | 2284 | 0.69 | 0.21 | 2.26 | 0.54 | 0% | 0.64 | - |
| Oncologic outcomes | |||||||||
| Lymph nodes harvested (n) | 13 | 2526 | -0.11 | -2.72 | 2.50 | 0.94 | 95% | < 0.00001 | 0.537 |
| Tumor recurrence/metastasis | 8 | 1587 | 0.79 | 0.60 | 1.04 | 0.09 | 20% | 0.27 | 0.035 |
| Local/lymphatic recurrence | 5 | 853 | 0.79 | 0.46 | 1.34 | 0.38 | 0% | 0.41 | 0.296 |
| Peritoneal recurrence | 5 | 853 | 1.20 | 0.70 | 2.07 | 0.50 | 0% | 0.50 | 0.296 |
| Distant metastasis | 5 | 853 | 0.67 | 0.42 | 1.07 | 0.09 | 45% | 0.12 | 0.089 |
| Three-year DFS | 4 | 703 | 1.02 | 0.64 | 1.61 | 0.94 | 0% | 0.88 | - |
| Three-year overall survival | 8 | 1363 | 0.87 | 0.59 | 1.27 | 0.46 | 0% | 0.99 | - |
| Five-year DFS | 3 | 652 | 1.02 | 0.66 | 1.57 | 0.92 | 0% | 0.67 | - |
| Five-year overall survival | 3 | 652 | 0.79 | 0.46 | 1.34 | 0.38 | 0% | 0.90 | - |
DFS: Disease-free survival; HR: Hazard ratio; OR: Odds ratio; PO: Postoperative; WMD: Weighted mean difference.