Table 1.
Characteristics of mothers and infants included in the study
| MOTHERS (165)* | Variables | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Mean: 26.5 (+/-6.3) | |
| Range: 16 – 49 | ||
| Gravidity | Primigravidity: 19.74% (30) | |
| Mutligravidity: 80.26% (122) | ||
| Ethnicity | Tori: 35.33% (98) | |
| Fon: 10.00% (15) | ||
| Others**: 24.67% (37) | ||
| IPTp*** | Yes: 86.18% (131) | |
| No: 13.82% (21) | ||
| sHLA - G in maternal blood | Detectable: 78.66% (129) | |
| Undetectable: 21.34% (35) | ||
| Villages**** | Avamè: 29.39% (31) | |
| Gbèdjougo: 13.16% (20) | ||
| Houngo: 9.87% (15) | ||
| Anavié: 5.26% (8) | ||
| Dohiko: 12.50% (19) | ||
| Gbétaga: 8.55% (13) | ||
| Cada: 13.82% (21) | ||
| Zebè: 6.58% (10) | ||
| Zoungoudo: 9.87% (15) | ||
| NEWBORNS (165) | Birth weight (grams) | Mean: 3001.4 (+/-413.9) |
| Range: 2147.5 - 4370.0 | ||
| Low birth weight (<2500 g) | Yes: 7.84% (12) | |
| No: 92.16% (141) | ||
| Sex (Female/male) | Female: 53.33% (88) | |
| Male: 46.67% (77) | ||
| Prematurity | Yes: 12.42% (19) | |
| No: 87.58% (134) | ||
| sHLA-G in blood cord | Detectable: 60.37% (99) | |
| Undetectable: 39.63% (65) |
*All the mothers included in the study were HIV negative; **Different ethnicity groups were considered in the area study: Tori, Fon (majority ethnicity groups) and Aïzo, Yoruba (minority ethnicity groups); ***IPTp: Intermittent Preventive Treatment (sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine): treatment recommended by the Benin National Malaria Control Program during pregnancy; ****Nine villages are considered in the Tori Bossito (South Benin) area for this study.