Table 5.
Occurrence of Rickettsia spp. in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks in various habitats in Europe.
| Country | City/region (habitat) | No. examined ticks | Prevalence of Rickettsia spp. | Identified species (n) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czech Republic | Ostrava (U park), 2010 | 180 N | 2.2% (MIR) | 14 Rh, 6 Rm | (266) |
| 96 A | 4.2% (MIR) | ||||
| Proskovice (mixed forest), 2010 | 1,114 N | 3.5% (MIR) | |||
| 83 A | 2.5% (MIR) | ||||
| France | Paris (S) | 360 N, 69 F, 129 M | 5.8% | Rh | (211) |
| Germany | Munich, 2006 | 961 N | 1.0% | 138 Rh, 13 Rm | (321) |
| 1,900 A | 7.3% | ||||
| Saarland (RA), 2008–2009 | 36 N | 16.7–47.2% | 8 Rh | (322) | |
| Bavaria/Munich (natural alluvial forest), 2008–2009 | 79 A | 21.5% | |||
| Leipzig/Saxony (coal surface-mining area), 2008–2009 | 28 N | 21.4% | |||
| 100 A | 19.0% | ||||
| 98 N | 8.2–27.6% | ||||
| 431 A | 9.7% | ||||
| Munich, Regensburg, Ingolstadt, Augsburg, Berg (U parks), 2009–2010 | 774 L | 2.1–9.8% | 15 Rh, 1 Rm | (37) | |
| 1,190 N | 6.8% | ||||
| 2,495 A | 7.5% | 77 Rh, 4 Rm | |||
| 244 L | – | ||||
| 742 N | – | 180 Rh, 8 Rm | |||
| 1,142 A | – | ||||
| Munich, Regensburg, Lake Starnberg (U, S) | 24 L | 2.2–7.5% | 29 Rh,1 Rm | (323) | |
| Lake Starnberg and Lake Ammersee, pastures | 500 N | 5.0% | |||
| Augsburg, forest, 2011 | 889 A | 8.7% | |||
| 140 N | 15.7% | 9 Rh | |||
| 225A | 13.3% | ||||
| 139 L | 2.2–10.1% | ||||
| 120 N | 17.5% | 9 Rh | |||
| 79 A | 13.9% | ||||
| Hanover (U park), 2010 | 31 L | 16.0% | 268 Rh | (268) | |
| 1,697 N | 25.5% | ||||
| 372 A | 30.4% | ||||
| Poland | Warsaw, national parks and natural areas, 2011 | 1,147 N 442 A | 3.7% (MIR) | 38 Rh, Rm | (41) |
| 5.9% (MIR) | |||||
| Portugal | Alentejo (safari park), 2006–2009 | 35 A | 82.9% | 14 Rh, 15 Rm | (324) |
| Serbia | Four natural sites, 2 sites (RA), 2007, 2009 | 26 | 23.1% | 2 Rh, 4 Rm | (325) |
| Slovakia | Bratislava (S forest, cemeteries), 2006–2011 | 445 N | 8.3% | 61 Rh, 3 Rm | (326) |
| 471 A | 10.2% | ||||
| Malacky (U park), 2006–2011 | 59 N | 6.8% | 10 Rh, 3 Rm | ||
| 62 A | 14.5% | ||||
| Martin (U park), 2006–2011 | 3 N | 0 | |||
| 12 A | 16.7% | ||||
| Martinské hole Mts (mountain forest), 2006–2011 | 276 N | 5.4% | 6 Rh, 2 Rm | ||
| 482 A | 10.0% | ||||
| Vojka nad Dunajom (RA), 2011–2012 | 2 N | 0 | 30 Rh, 3 Rm | (327) | |
| 280 A | 11.7% |
U, urban; S, suburban; RA, recreational area; Ixodes ricinus: L, larva; N, nymph; A, adult; MIR, minimum infection rate; Rh, R. helvetica; Rm, R. monacensis.