TABLE 3.
Results of analysis of multiple regression on distance matrices for adult females and nestlings involved or not in cross-fostering experimentsa
| Hoopoe category | Bacterial category | Regression coefficient |
R2 | F | n | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indiv. | R-Nest | O-Nest | |||||
| Adult females | Species | 1.06** | NA | NA | 0.07 | 155.26** | 66 |
| Strains | 0.93** | NA | NA | 0.33 | 1209.47** | 70 | |
| Nestlings from control nests | Species | 0.27 | 0.59** | NA | 0.03 | 214.88** | 160 |
| Strains | 0.84** | 0.10** | NA | 0.16 | 1,416.07** | 172 | |
| Nestlings from cross-fostering nests | Species | 0.94** | 0.17** | 0.05* | 0.01 | 174.79** | 273 |
| Strains | 0.72** | 0.15** | −0.005 | 0.04 | 563.81** | 290 | |
a
Regression coefficient data were obtained from comparisons of the identifications of species or strains to the individual (Indiv.), nest-of-rearing (R-Nest), and nest-of-origin (O-Nest, only in cross-fostering experiments) matrices. The rest of the statistical coefficients (R2 and F) correspond to the overall model, while n data represent the sizes of the samples (i.e., the number of isolated colonies in each category). NA, not applicable. A tendency to significance is marked with a single asterisk (*) (P = 0.067), while significant P values are marked with double asterisks (**) (all P < 0.0001).