Proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine gene expression in WNV-infected SCSCs. Total mRNA was isolated from mock-infected and WNV-infected SCSC samples at 3 dpi, 5 dpi, and 7 dpi. Relative expression levels for specific cytokines/chemokines in mock-infected and WNV-infected samples are shown for each time point. The levels of cytokine/chemokine mRNA expression were normalized to the level of β-actin mRNA expression for each time point and are depicted as relative fold increases. RT-qPCR detection of cytokine/chemokine mRNA for each sample was performed in triplicate; each bar represents the mean level of expression. Error bars represent the standard errors of the means. Asterisks indicate values that are statistically significant (***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.005; *, P < 0.05).