FIG 5.

Confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) images depicting the photodynamic effect on initial microbial adhesion (2 h) after live/dead staining. The panels illustrate the live (green) and dead (red) microbial populations of the untreated negative control (A), the chlorhexidine-treated (CHX) positive control (B), and the toluidine blue (TB)-treated (C) and chlorin e6 (Ce6)-treated (D) groups in the presence of VIS + wIRA and the TB-treated (E) and Ce6-treated (F) groups in the absence of VIS + wIRA. Each panel demonstrates maximum projections of the imaged area on the bovine enamel surface. Bars, 20 μm.