Anthranilic acid formation from PQS by HQNO-treated crude cell extracts. Desalted crude cell extracts (1 mg protein/ml) of PQS-induced cells were preincubated with 500 μM NADH and 0, 20, or 50 μM HQNO for 30 min, and subsequently (t = 0 min), 20 μM PQS was added. Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, and HQNO (open symbols) and anthranilic acid (filled symbols) were quantified by HPLC. Squares, circles, and triangles represent samples from crude extracts preincubated with 0, 20 μM, and 50 μM HQNO, respectively. Data are mean values from two independent experiments.