Table 5.
L – lactic acid production from xylose with various yeast strains
| Strain | Xylose (g l −1 ) | Cultivation time (h) | Lactic acid (g l −1 ) | Lactic acid production rate (g h −1 l −1 ) | Lactic acid yield (g g −1 ) | Xylitol (g l −1 ) | Genetic modifications | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candida sonorensis | 50 | 168 | 26.7 | 0.16 | 0.53 | 0* | Lactobacillus helveticus ldhL | This study |
| Rhizopus oryzae CBS 147.22 | 59 | 190 | 15.2 | 0.08 | 0.38 | 2.0 | Wild type | 10 |
| Scheffersomyces stipitis | 50 | 72 | 31.0 | 0.43 | 0.60 | ≤ 1.3 | L. helveticus ldhL | 11 |
| S. stipitis | 100 | 147 | 58.0 | 0.39 | 0.58 | ≤ 1.3 | L. helveticus ldhL | 11 |
| Candida utilis | 100 | 75 | 2.9 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.2 | PDC-, 2 x Bos taurus ldhL | 12 |
| C. utilis | 100 | 75 | 43.8 | 0.58 | 0.44 | 25.4 | PDC-, 2 x B. taurus ldhL, Candida shehatae XR (NADPH preferring), C. shehatae XDH (NAD+ dependent), S. stipitis XK | 12 |
| C. utilis | 100 | 75 | 67.2 | 0.93 | 0.67 | 3.2 | PDC-, 2 x B. taurus ldhL, C. shehatae XR (NADH preferring), C. shehatae XDH (NAD+ dependent), S. stipitis XK | 12 |
L-Lactic acid production titre, rate and yield with various yeast or fungal strains in buffered minimal xylose medium. Initial xylose and xylitol amounts at the end of cultivations are also indicated. Genetic modifications (ldhL = L-lactate dehydrogenase, XR = xylose reductase, XDH = xylitol dehydrogenase, XK = xylulokinase) have been indicated. *All xylitol had been consumed at the end of cultivation, but in maximum 4.6 g l−1 xylitol had been produced.