Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychol. 2013 Sep 9;50(3):663–673. doi: 10.1037/a0034345

Figure 1. Three-Factor Cholesky Decomposition Model for Investigating Developmental Changes in Genetic and Environmental Influences on Deviant Peers.

Figure 1

This figure depicts the 3-factor Cholesky decomposition model used in this study. The model decomposes the variance in deviant peers into components attributable to additive genetic effects (Ai), shared environmental effects (Ci), and nonshared environmental effects (Ei) at each of the three assessments (i = 1, 2, 3). The individual paths, which are represented by lowercase letters followed by numerals, when squared estimate the proportion of variance accounted for by the genetic and environmental influences. This figure represents only one twin, and identical model is also calculated for the co-twin.