Table 3. Duration and magnitude of reduction of Diaphorina citri nymphs on orange trees treated with foliar sprays of insecticides in Florida.
| Producta | Active ingredient | Rates tested | Duration of nymphal reduction | Magnitude of reduction | ||||||||||
| (oz/acre) | (days)d | (%)d | ||||||||||||
| Nc | Low | High | Low | High | Mean | ± SEM | Ranke | Low | High | Mean | ± SEM | Referencef | ||
| Baythroid XL | beta-cyfluthrin | 3(0) | 3 | 3 | 15 | 51 | 30 | 11 | 1 | 63 | 84 | 73 | 6 | [41], [42], [62] |
| Imidan 70 W | phosmet | 7(0) | 8 | 24 | 17 | 38 | 27 | 3 | 2 | 73 | 100 | 87 | 3 | [40], [46], [52] |
| Lorsban 4 E | chlorpyrifosb | 8(4) | 24 | 80 | 17 | 38 | 27 | 3 | 3 | 74 | 98 | 84 | 3 | [40], [48], [52], [57] |
| Exirel | cyantraniliprole | 1(1) | 16 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 4 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 0 | [56] |
| Apta 15 SC | tolfenpyrad | 8(8) | 11 | 24 | 17 | 30 | 24 | 2 | 5 | 75 | 98 | 92 | 3 | [34], [35], [55] |
| Closer SC | sulfoxaflor | 16(15) | 2.9 | 5.7 | 6 | 33 | 24 | 2 | 6 | 48 | 95 | 78 | 3 | [38], [56], [59], [60] |
| Stallion | chlorpyrifos + zeta-cypermethrin | 1(1) | 11.8 | 11.8 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 7 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 0 | [52] |
| Mustang Max 1.5 EC | zeta-cypermethrinb | 5(0) | 4 | 4.3 | 15 | 51 | 23 | 7 | 8 | 17 | 99 | 70 | 14 | [41], [42], [48], [62] |
| Dibrom 8 E | naled | 2(1) | 16 | 16 | 21 | 24 | 23 | 2 | 9 | 62 | 87 | 74 | 13 | [45], [57] |
| Movento 240 SC | spirotetramat | 24(22) | 5 | 16 | 0 | 51 | 23 | 3 | 10 | 59 | 99 | 82 | 3 | [34], [36], [37], [38], [41], [42], [44], [49], [51], [62] |
| VoliamFlexi | chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam | 4(3) | 5 | 7.5 | 17 | 24 | 22 | 2 | 11 | 91 | 99 | 97 | 2 | [45], [56], [60] |
| Agri-Flex | abamectin + thiamethoxam | 5(5) | 8.5 | 8.5 | 17 | 24 | 22 | 1 | 12 | 85 | 99 | 94 | 3 | [34], [44], [45], [56], [60] |
| Danitol 2.4 EC | fenpropathrin | 8(5) | 16 | 21.3 | 7 | 42 | 22 | 4 | 13 | 78 | 93 | 86 | 2 | [38], [39], [40], [45], [46], [47], [48], [56] |
| Magus | fenazaquin | 7(7) | 16 | 36 | 12 | 28 | 19 | 3 | 14 | 63 | 97 | 70 | 11 | [46], [57], [61] |
| Sivanto 200 SL | flupyradifurone | 18(10) | 6.8 | 14 | 10 | 33 | 19 | 2 | 15 | 61 | 99 | 87 | 3 | [36], [37], [38], [56], [61], [62] |
| Actara 25 WG | thiamethoxam | 10(4) | 2.8 | 5.5 | 3 | 24 | 18 | 3 | 16 | 61 | 99 | 89 | 4 | [39], [43], [44], [45], [56] |
| Warrior II | lamda-cyhalothrin | 3(0) | 1.4 | 5.8 | 17 | 20 | 18 | 1 | 17 | 91 | 99 | 96 | 3 | [39], [40] |
| Delegate WG | spinetoram | 21(19) | 4 | 6 | 3 | 28 | 18 | 2 | 18 | 78 | 98 | 92 | 1 | [37], [38], [43], [48], [49], [50], [58], [59], [63] |
| Nexter | pyridaben | 5(1) | 6.6 | 10.6 | 0 | 24 | 18 | 5 | 19 | 0 | 62 | 31 | 13 | [36], [52], [57] |
| Dimethoate 4 E | dimethoate | 1(0) | 8 | 8 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 0 | 20 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 0 | [40] |
| Grandevo | Chromobacterium subtsugae b | 11(10) | 24 | 256 | 0 | 24 | 16 | 3 | 21 | 0 | 92 | 58 | 8 | [45], [58], [63] |
| Portal | fenpyroximate | 10(7) | 24 | 64 | 0 | 24 | 15 | 3 | 22 | 0 | 98 | 66 | 7 | [34], [43], [45], [49], [55], [57], [61] |
| MBI-206 EP | Burkholderia spp | 5(5) | 192 | 384 | 7 | 24 | 14 | 3 | 23 | 56 | 89 | 72 | 7 | [45], [58], [63] |
| Belt 4 SC | flubendiamide | 2(2) | 5 | 7.5 | 10 | 17 | 14 | 3 | 24 | 46 | 67 | 57 | 8 | [34] |
| Entrust SC | spinosad | 1(1) | 3 | 3 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 0 | 25 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 0 | [63] |
| Supracide 2 E | methidathion | 1(0) | 32 | 32 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 26 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 0 | [46] |
| Fulfill 50 WDG | pymetrozine | 1(1) | 5.5 | 5.5 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 27 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 0 | [60] |
| M-pede | potassium salts of fatty acids | 2(2) | 106 | 393 | 0 | 24 | 12 | 12 | 28 | 0 | 90 | 45 | 45 | [34], [45] |
| Agri-Mek 0.15 EC | abamectinb | 4(4) | 4.3 | 20 | 0 | 20 | 10 | 5 | 29 | 0 | 84 | 59 | 20 | [39], [43], [56] |
| Sil-Matrix | potassium silicate | 1(0) | 128 | 128 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 30 | 67 | 67 | 67 | 0 | [50] |
| Admire Pro 4.6 SC | imidaclopridb | 9(5) | 1 | 7 | 3 | 17 | 10 | 2 | 31 | 44 | 94 | 73 | 6 | [36], [37], [43], [51], [53], [56] |
| Micromite 80 WGS | diflubenzuron | 10(9) | 3.1 | 6.3 | 0 | 27 | 10 | 4 | 32 | 0 | 87 | 44 | 12 | [34], [36], [39], [43], [49], [54] |
| 435 oil | horticultural mineral oil | 11(0) | 192 | 640 | 0 | 24 | 9 | 3 | 33 | 0 | 78 | 50 | 9 | [34], [36], [37], [43], [44], [49], [50], [52], [54], [58], [63] |
| Vydate L | oxamyl | 2(0) | 32 | 64 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 34 | 59 | 72 | 65 | 6 | [47] |
| Requiem 25 EC | Chenopodium ambrosioides | 12(5) | 64 | 192 | 0 | 17 | 6 | 2 | 35 | 0 | 78 | 35 | 9 | [43], [47], [49], [50], [54] |
| MSR 2 E | oxydemeton-methyl | 3(0) | 24 | 48 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 36 | 53 | 96 | 69 | 14 | [36], [43] |
| NoFly WP | Isaria fumosoroseus | 2(0) | 16 | 32 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 37 | 0 | 40 | 20 | 20 | [63] |
| Assail 30 SG | acetamiprid | 1(0) | 7 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 38 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 0 | [53] |
| Envidor 2 SC | spirodiclofen | 1(0) | 20 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 39 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 0 | [36] |
| Sevin XLR | carbaryl | 2(0) | 48 | 48 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 40 | 0 | 90 | 45 | 45 | [51], [54] |
| Aza-Direct | azadirachtin | 1(0) | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | [46] |
| NNI-0101 | pyrifluquinazon | 1(0) | 6.4 | 6.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | [35] |
a
Not all products are permitted for use on orange, so always follow the label for details on proper use.
b
More than one formulation or product brand tested.
c
Number of times product was tested (in parenthesis with adjuvants) in a randomized complete block design using at least 20 trees in four replicates each time.
d
Significantly more reduction compared to untreated control (P<0.05).
e
Based on mean number of days significantly fewer nymphs were observed on treated trees compared to untreated trees.
f
Reference to reports which appeared in non-peer reviewed literature.