Table 1.

General measures to prevent recurrence of stones

Increase fluid intake to produce 2 to 3 L of urine daily13 Reduce salt ingestion (<2300 mg sodium daily)17 Reduce animal protein intake (no more than 2 meals daily with less than 6 to 8 ounces per day)17 Moderate calcium intake (1000 to 1200 mg/day)17 Moderate consumption of high-oxalate content foods (i.e., spinach, strawberries, nuts, rhubarb, dark chocolate, cocoa, brewed tea) with limited vitamin C intake to <1000 mg daily17 Increase intake of citrate-rich fluids (i.e., lemons, orange juice)17