Table 2.
Effect of sperm preparation on neat semen sample (NS) before cryopreservation on sperm motility evaluated by CASA, compared between sperm samples prepared before freezing group (SBF), and sperm samples prepared after freezing-thawing group (SAFT) in 65 semen samples
| Neat semen sample NS | Semen samples prepared before freezing group (SBF) | Semen samples prepared after freezing-thawing group SAFT | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Total Sperm Count (×106) a, b | 42.7 | 17.2 | 8.5 | 6.7 | 10.4 | 15.5 | < 0.001 |
| Total Motile Sperm Count (×106) a,b | 22.4 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 6.4 | 9.6 | 14.5 | < 0.001 |
| Progressive Motility (%) a,b,c | 53.0 | 11.0 | 99.5 | 2.3 | 93.9 | 7.9 | < 0.001 |
| Velocity distribution: Rapid (%) a,b,c | 36.7 | 2.4 | 94.6 | 10.8 | 65.9 | 32.5 | < 0.001 |
| Velocity distribution: Medium (%) b,c | 16.5 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 10.6 | 27.6 | 31.8 | < 0.001 |
| Velocity distribution: Slow (%) a,b | 27.6 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 5.0 | < 0.001 |
| Velocity distribution: Static (%) a,b,c | 19.3 | 3.2 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 4.1 | 7.3 | < 0.001 |
| Average path velocity (VAP) (μm/s) a,b | 46.4 | 2.3 | 89.1 | 55.6 | 70.9 | 56.0 | < 0.001 |
| Straight-line velocity (VSL) (μm/s) a,b | 36.0 | 1.8 | 81.1 | 57.2 | 67.0 | 56.4 | < 0.001 |
| Curvilinear velocity (VCL) (μm/s) a,b,c | 88.2 | 4.6 | 148.6 | 57.8 | 105.6 | 59.4 | < 0.001 |
| Amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) (μm) | 4.7 | 0.3 | 4.9 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 2.7 | < 0.347 |
| Straightness (STR) (%) a,b | 76.6 | 1.2 | 87.0 | 9.2 | 90.6 | 9.2 | < 0.001 |
| Linearity (LIN) (%) a,b | 42.1 | 1.5 | 52.7 | 16.2 | 61.0 | 22.1 | < 0.001 |
Hoc analysis using Bonferroni multiple-comparisons test (P < 0.05)
a Significance of difference between NS and SAFT
b Significance of difference between NS and SBF
c Significance of difference between SAFT and SBF