Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Hazard Ratios for Time to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Initiation from Time to HIV Care Entry Among HIV-Infected Adults Who Were Diagnosed May 2004–April 2009 and Were Receiving Medical Care in the United States in 2009—Medical Monitoring Project
| All persons | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Sample | Weighted % (95% CI) | No. initiated ART | Person months | ART initiation ratea | Median months to ART initiationb | Crude hazard ratio | Adjusted hazard ratio |
| Total cohort | 1094 | - | 920 | 8698 | 10.6 | 10 | – | – |
| Age in years | ||||||||
| 18–29 | 250 | 22.2 (19.1, 25.3) | 191 | 2406 | 7.9 | 18 | 0.65 (0.50, 0.83) | – |
| 30–39 | 297 | 28.0 (25.0, 31.0) | 255 | 2684 | 9.5 | 10 | 0.83 (0.66, 1.03) | – |
| 40–49 | 344 | 31.9 (29.2, 34.7) | 296 | 2520 | 11.7 | 7 | 0.92 (0.73, 1.16) | – |
| 50+ | 201 | 17.9 (15.7, 20.2) | 176 | 1088 | 16.2 | 5 | Ref | – |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 304 | 29.7 (22.9, 36.5) | 274 | 2579 | 10.6 | 7 | Ref | Ref |
| Non-Hispanic black | 489 | 44.1 (34.7, 53.5) | 391 | 3929 | 10.0 | 15 | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) | 0.82 (0.70, 0.98) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 246 | 21.0 (15.2, 26.7) | 210 | 1601 | 13.1 | 8 | 0.98 (0.83, 1.15) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.18) |
| Other | 55 | 5.3 (3.9, 6.6) | 45 | 589 | 7.6 | 11 | 0.88 (0.69, 1.14) | 0.89 (0.70, 1.14) |
| Sexual risk category | ||||||||
| MSM | 511 | 49.5 (44.1, 54.9) | 435 | 4866 | 8.9 | 10 | 0.65 (0.56, 0.75) | 0.71 (0.60. 0.84) |
| MSW | 266 | 24.2 (20.3, 28.1) | 229 | 1099 | 20.8 | 3 | Ref | Ref |
| WSM | 290 | 26.4 (22.3, 30.4) | 233 | 2567 | 9.1 | 11 | 0.60 (0.47, 0.76) | 0.66 (0.51, 0.85) |
| Education | ||||||||
| >High school | 549 | 52.4 (46.5, 58.2) | 460 | 5079 | 9.1 | 11 | 0.83 (0.71, 0.96) | – |
| High school | 316 | 27.8 (23.4, 32.1) | 262 | 2321 | 11.3 | 8 | 0.83 (0.65, 1.05) | – |
| <High school | 229 | 19.9 (16.8, 22.9) | 198 | 1298 | 15.3 | 8 | Ref | – |
| English as primary language | ||||||||
| Yes | 926 | 86.1 (80.8, 91.3) | 776 | 7881 | 9.8 | 10 | 0.74 (0.66, 0.91) | – |
| No | 168 | 13.9 (8.7, 19.2) | 144 | 817 | 17.6 | 10 | Ref | – |
| Poverty level | ||||||||
| At or below | 502 | 44.6 (39.6, 49.6) | 416 | 3767 | 11.0 | 12 | 0.95 (0.82, 1.09) | – |
| Above | 534 | 55.4 (50.4, 60.4) | 455 | 4604 | 9.9 | 8 | Ref | – |
| Health insurance | ||||||||
| Lapse/ none | 401 | 37.2 (32.4, 41.9) | 313 | 3529 | 8.9 | 11 | 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) | 0.82 (0.70, 0.97) |
| Continuous | 689 | 62.8 (58.1, 67.6) | 603 | 5158 | 11.7 | 9 | Ref | Ref |
| AIDS at care entry | ||||||||
| No | 619 | 67.3 (63.2, 71.3) | 474 | 8156 | 5.8 | 17 | 0.36 (0.30, 0.42) | 0.37 (0.31, 0.43) |
| Yes | 324 | 32.7 (28.7, 36.8) | 318 | 542 | 58.7 | 1 | Ref | Ref |
| Year of care entry | ||||||||
| 2004 | 106 | 11.0 (9.1, 12.9) | 96 | 1551 | 6.2 | 10 | 0.89 (0.66, 1.20) | – |
| 2005 | 164 | 18.1 (15.5, 20.7) | 148 | 2039 | 7.3 | 11 | 0.92 (0.71, 1.18) | – |
| 2006 | 172 | 17.9 (15.8, 20.0) | 149 | 1821 | 8.2 | 9 | 0.92 (0.73, 1.16) | – |
| 2007 | 181 | 19.5 (16.7, 22.2) | 154 | 1682 | 9.2 | 15 | 0.92 (0.70, 1.23) | – |
| 2008 | 232 | 24.6 (21.2, 27.9) | 183 | 1320 | 13.9 | 10 | 0.97 (0.73, 1.28) | – |
| 2009 | 81 | 8.9 (7.0, 10.8) | 58 | 285 | 20.4 | 5 | Ref | – |
| Facility patient volumec,d | 1094 | 406.8 (283.0, 530.5) | - | - | - | - | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) | – |
| Received care in RWP-funded facility | ||||||||
| Yes | 782 | 74.5 (68.5, 80.4) | 654 | 5938 | 11.0 | 10 | 0.96 (0.77, 1.21) | – |
| No | 222 | 25.5 (19.6, 31.5) | 192 | 1976 | 9.7 | 10 | Ref | – |
| Received care in university-affiliated facility | ||||||||
| Yes | 528 | 46.0 (37.9, 54.0) | 447 | 4581 | 9.8 | 12 | 1.01 (0.86, 1.17) | - |
| No | 552 | 54.0 (46.0, 62.1) | 459 | 4109 | 11.2 | 7 | Ref | - |
Per 100 person-months.
Median months to ART initiation, based on Kaplan-Meier estimates of months to ART initiation.
Hazard ratios in bold statistically significant at the p<0.05 level.
Effect estimate calculated for a unit change of 500 patients.
Median and 95% CI reported for continuous variable.
AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; MSM, men who have sex with men; MSW, men who have sex with women; RWP, Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program; WSM, women who have sex with men.