Table II.
A summary of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) expression and their target gene in thyroid cancers.
| miRNA | Location | Description | Notable target genes in thyroid cells | Author (year) | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-146a | 5q34 | miR-146a is involved in the feedback system of the classical NF-κB signal pathway in PTC | PRKCE | Zhang et al (2014) | (58) |
| miR-221 | Xp11.3 | Oncogenic microRNA | P27 | Visone et al (2007) | (59) |
| miR-222 | Xp11.3 | Regulates p27 expression and thereby cell cycle | P27 | Visone et al (2007) | (59) |
| miR-21 | 17q23.2 (54) | miR-21 has an important role in oncogenic | PTEN, | Meng et al (2007), | (60) |
| Ras-induced cell proliferation (55) | PDCD4, | Asangani et al (2008), | (61) | ||
| RhoB | Sabatel et al (2011) | (62) | |||
| miR-181a | 1q32.1 | miR-181 has a potential role in differentiating | THRB | Jazdzewski et al (2011) | (63) |
| PTC, and BRAF mutation may interact with miR-181 in pathogenesis and prognosis of PTC | Sun et al (2013) | (64) | |||
| miR-197 | 1p13.3 | miR-197 and its target gene may be the novel molecular markers to differentiate malignant (FTCs) from benign (FAs) | ACVR1, TSPAN3 | Marini et al (2011) | (65) |
| miR-346 | 10q23.2 | miR-346 participates in the transformation of follicular tumors from benign to malignant status | EFEMP2 | Marini et al (2011) | (65) |
| miR-9 | 1q22 | miR-9 is significantly overexpressed in hereditary when compared to sporadic medullary thyroid tumor | – | Abraham et al (2011) | (52) |
| miR-10a | 17q21.32 | miR-10a is important for tumor development in MTC | MDM4, NCOR2 | Hudson et al (2013) | (66) |
| miR-124a | 8p23.1 | miR-124a is upregulated in MTC | CDK6 | Ajith (2013) | (67) |
| miR-127 | 14q23.2 | miR-127 is overexpressed in MTC samples carrying a wild-type RET than mutated RET, suggesting an oncogenic role for this miRNA | BCL6 | Chen et al (2013) | (68) |
| miR-224 | Xq28 | miR-224 upregulation was more detected in the early stage of MTC | – | Mian et al (2012) | (53) |
| miR-323 | 14q32.31 | miR-323 is upregulated in MTC | BRAF | Cahill et al (2007) | (69) |
NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; PTC, papillary thyroid cancer; FTC, follicular thyroid cancer; FA, follicular adenoma of thyroid gland; MTC, medullary thyroid cancer.