Table 8.
Association between probability of death in the first 2 days after birth and sow and piglet behavior.
| Model | Old-type piglets | Modern-type piglets | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signb | D | DR (%)c | Sign | D | DR (%) | |
| CONTINUOUS SOW BEHAVIOR IN THE FIRST HOUR OF LACTATION (VIDEO) N = 847 | ||||||
| (0) = intercept | − | 253.02 | − | 256.62 | ||
| (1) = (0) + Parity | + | 252.72 | 0.12 | − | 256.58 | 0.02 |
| (2) = (1) + Postural changes | + | 252.46 | 0.10 | + | 254.98 | 0.62 |
| (3) = (2) + Standing | + | 249.12 | 1.32 | + | 252.42 | 1.00 |
| (4) = (3) + Sitting | + | 249.12 | 0.00 | − | 252.16 | 0.10 |
| (5) = (4) + Lying ventrally | + | 248.92 | 0.08 | − | 250.8 | 0.54 |
| (6) = (5) + Lying laterally | + | 248.18 | 0.30 | + | 247.28 | 1.40 |
| IN THE FIRST 4 H OF LACTATION N = 370 | ||||||
| (0) = intercept | + | 108.90 | + | 99.18 | ||
| (2) = (1) + Parity | + | 108.46 | 0.40 | + | 99.18 | 0.00 |
| (3) = (2) + Postural changes | − | 107.92 | 0.50 | − | 96.64 | 2.56* |
| (4) = (3) + Standing | − | 107.88 | 0.04 | − | 91.32 | 5.51** |
| (5) = (4) + Sitting | − | 99.72 | 7.56** | − | 89.22 | 2.30* |
| (6) = (5) + Lying ventrally | − | 99.04 | 0.68 | − | 88.74 | 0.54 |
| (7) = (6) + Lying laterally | − | 98.8 | 0.24 | − | 87.8 | 1.06 |
| (8) = (7) + Rooting | + | 98.52 | 0.28 | − | 87.74 | 0.07 |
| (9) = (8) + Piglet responsiveness | − | 97.24 | 1.30 | − | 87.48 | 0.30 |
| (10) = (8) + Piglet attention | − | 89.58 | 9.07*** | − | 87.68 | 0.07 |
| OBSERVED MATERNAL BEHAVIOR N = 398 | ||||||
| (0) = intercept | − | 112.38 | − | 133.84 | ||
| (1) = (0) + Parity | − | 110.36 | 1.78 | − | 133.84 | 0.00 |
| (2) = (1) + H_Max posture reacheda | + | 110.28 | 0.07 | + | 127.64 | 4.63* |
| (3) = (2) + H_Vocalization | − | 107.42 | 2.59◦ | − | 127.64 | 0.00 |
| (4) = (3) + C_Max posture reached | − | 107.26 | 0.15 | + | 127.42 | 0.17 |
| (5) = (4) + C_Vocalization | + | 107.1 | 0.15 | + | 127.28 | 0.11 |
| (6) = (5) + C_Sniffing | + | 106.06 | 0.97 | + | 122.94 | 3.41◦ |
| (7) = (6) + C_Aggressive reaction | − | 104.52 | 1.45 | + | 121.08 | 1.51 |
| NEWBORN PIGLET BEHAVIOR N = 990 | ||||||
| (0) = intercept | − | 283.62 | − | 322.96 | ||
| (1) = (0) + Parity | − | 283.34 | 0.10 | − | 322.72 | 0.07 |
| (2) = (1) + Respiratory difficulties | + | 274.68 | 3.06◦ | + | 313.9 | 2.73* |
| (3) = (2) + Mobility at birth | − | 268.34 | 2.31* | − | 310.2 | 1.18◦ |
| (4) = (3) + Vocalizations at birth | + | 268.04 | 0.11 | − | 309.86 | 0.11 |
Reduction of deviance due to the addition of behavioral traits as explanatory variables.
a
H, handling piglet reaction; C, nose contact reaction.
b
Sign of the corresponding estimate indicates positive or negative association between stillbirth probability and the explanatory variable. D, deviance; DR, deviance reduction.
c
Level of significance according to Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) statistics. Level of significance:
◦
P < 0.10;
*
P < 0.05;
**
P < 0.01;
***
P < 0.001.