Figure 5.

Fragmentation grading in region B and S: 0 = No fragmentation - Definition: None or any number of “minute” intermediate fragment(s) smaller in size than the crown of a pre-molar in any of the three dimensions. Location–limited to the margins or the direct vicinity of the fracture line. Caveat: Fragmentation caused by a multitude of “minute” intermediate fragments involving a segmental zone over a wide range or the full vertical height of the mandibular arch is rated as grade 1 or grade 2, 8 respectively.Fragmentation grading in region B and S: 1 = Minor fragmentation - Definition: One or more intermediate fragment(s) larger in overall 3D size than the crown of a pre-molar (i.e. small or large) and independent of their location, however not involving the full vertical height of the mandibular arch (= region B and/or S). Minute intermediate fragments become relevant for classifying if they occupy a major zone ranging half-way or more over the vertical height of the mandibular arch.Fragmentation grading in region B and S: 2 = Major fragmentation - Definition: One or more small or large intermediate fragment(s) independent of their location at the upper or lower border, but involving the full height of the mandibular arch. This category includes fractures commonly referred to as “comminuted”.