Table 1.

Measurements used in this study

Variables	Measurements	Number of items	Range of score	Definition
Psychological distress	Medical Student Well-Being Index (MSWBI)	7	0-7	Distress was defined as ≥4
Social support	Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)	12	12-84	-
Support from friends (= Peer social support)	MSPSS-FRI	4	4-28	Continuous
				Categorical: High (the highest 30%), middle, low (the lowest 30%)
Support from family	MSPSS-FAM	4	4-28	Continuous
Support from significant others	MSPSS-SO	4	4-28	Continuous
Academic self-perception	Subscale of Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM)	8	0-32	Poor academic self-perception was defined as the lowest 30%