(a) An atomistic representation of N-BAR proteins oligomerized on the membrane surface. Solid arrows show the local spontaneous curvature direction on the membrane. (b) Evolution (1–6) of an initially flat 250 nm2 membrane patch (1) into a tubule configuration (6) (Reprinted from Biophys. J, 97
(6), G. Ayton, E. Lyman, V. Krishna, R. D. Swenson, C. Mim, V. M. Unger and G. A Voth, New Insights into BAR Domain-Induced Membrane Remodeling, 1616–1625, Copyright (2009), with permission from Elsevier).