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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Phys Rep. 2014 Oct 1;543(1):1–60. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2014.05.001

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Various pathways for the deformation of an initially biconcave vesicle, whose top and side views are shown in (a), to elongated filament like stable shapes, shown in frames (x), (y), (z), and (x′), under the influence of osmotic pressure. The giant unilamellar vesicles were formed from a binary mixture of DMPC and cholesterol and imaged using phase contrast microscopy. Image adopted from [40] (Reprinted from J. Mol. Bio, 178 (1), H. Hotani, Transformation pathways of liposomes, 113–120, Copyright (1984), with permission from Elsevier).