Table 3.
Univariate analysis for risk factors of PCs in LAG
| All | Abdominal | Non-abdominal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | n (%) | p | ||
| Gender | male | 380 | 71 (18.7) | 0.027 | 53 (13.9) | 0.10 | 27 (7.1) | 0.023 |
| female | 149 | 16 (10.7) | 13 (10.8) | 3 (2.0) | ||||
| Age | ≥75 | 117 | 34(29.0) | <0.001 | 27 (23.1) | <0.001 | 12 (11.4) | 0.015 |
| <75 | 412 | 53 (12.9) | 39 (9.5) | 18 (4.4) | ||||
| Body mass index | ≥25 (kg/m2) | 136 | 18 (13.2) | 0.24 | 15 (11.0) | 0.55 | 6 (4.4) | 0.46 |
| <25 | 393 | 69 (17.6) | 51 (13.0) | 24 (6.1) | ||||
| Heart disease | yes | 50 | 18 (36.0) | <0.001 | 13 (26.0) | 0.002 | 10 (20.0) | <0.001 |
| no | 479 | 69 (14.4) | 53 (11.1) | 20 (4.1) | ||||
| CNS disease | yes | 39 | 13 (33.3) | 0.003 | 10 (25.6) | 0.020 | 7 (17.9) | 0.004 |
| no | 490 | 74 (15.1) | 56 (11.4) | 23 (4.7) | ||||
| Liver disease | yes | 21 | 8 (38.1) | 0.013 | 8 (38.1 | <0.001 | 2 (9.5) | 0.34 |
| no | 508 | 79 (15.6) | 58 (11.4) | 28 (5.5) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | yes | 67 | 12 (17.9) | 0.73 | 10 (14.9) | 0.52 | 5 (7.5) | 0.57 |
| no | 462 | 75 (16.2) | 56 (12.1) | 25 (5.4) | ||||
| Hypertension | yes | 184 | 34 (18.5) | 0.36 | 25 (13.6 | 0.57 | 13 (7.1) | 0.31 |
| no | 345 | 53 (15.4) | 41 (11.9) | 17 (4.9) | ||||
| Renal dysfunction | yes | 54 | 17 (31.5) | 0.002 | 14 (25.9) | 0.002 | 6 (11.1) | 0.11 |
| no | 475 | 70 (14.7) | 52 (12.3) | 24 (5.1) | ||||
| Restrictive pulmonary dysfunction | yes | 25 | 10 (40.0) | 0.003 | 7 (28.0) | 0.026 | 6 (24.0) | 0.001 |
| no | 498 | 75 (15.0) | 58 (13.2) | 23 (4.6) | ||||
| not evaluated | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| COPD | yes | 112 | 17 (15.2) | 0.73 | 11 (9.8) | 0.35 | 8 (7.1) | 0.41 |
| no | 411 | 68 (16.5) | 54 (13.1) | 21 (5.1) | ||||
| not evaluated | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Anemia | yes | 131 | 29 (22.1) | 0.043 | 22 (16.8) | 0.085 | 12 (9.2) | 0.047 |
| no | 398 | 58 (14.6) | 44 (11.1) | 18 (4.5) | ||||
| Hypoalbuminemia | yes | 8 | 3 (37.5) | 0.13 | 2 (25.0) | 0.26 | 2 (25.0) | 0.071 |
| no | 519 | 84 (16.2) | 64 (12.3) | 28 (5.4) | ||||
| not evaluated | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Regular use of steroid | yes | 9 | 4 (44.4) | 0.045 | 2 (22.2) | 0.31 | 2 (22.2) | 0.087 |
| no | 520 | 83 (16.0) | 64 (12.3) | 28 (5.4) | ||||
| Type of resection | total or proximal | 112 | 29 (25.9) | 0.002 | 20 (17.9) | 0.052 | 13 (11.6) | 0.002 |
| distal | 417 | 58 (13.9) | 46 (12.4) | 17(4.1) | ||||
| Extent of lymph node dissection | D2 | 77 | 15 (19.5) | 0.44 | 10 (13.0) | 0.88 | 5 (6.5) | 0.79 |
| D1+ or D1 | 452 | 72 (15.9) | 56 (12.4) | 25 (5.5) | ||||
| Combined resection | yes | 16 | 6 (37.5) | 0.033 | 4 (25.0) | 0.13 | 2 (12.5) | 0.23 |
| no or gallbladder | 513 | 81 (15.8) | 62 (12.1) | 28 (5.5) | ||||
| Operating time | ≥300 (min) | 253 | 52 (20.6) | 0.015 | 39 (15.4) | 0.050 | 19 (7.5) | 0.080 |
| <300 | 276 | 35 (12.7) | 27 (9.8) | 11 (4.0) | ||||
| Estimated bleeding | ≥500(g) | 43 | 12 (27.9) | 0.031 | 10 (23.3) | 0.026 | 4 (9.3) | 0.28 |
| <500 | 485 | 74 (15.2) | 56 (11.5) | 25 (5.2) | ||||
| unknown | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||