Table 3.

Risk factors for Cataract (or Prior Cataract Surgery) at the Time of Cohort Entry in Eyes without an Opportunistic Ocular Infection during follow-up in the Longitudinal Studies of the Complications of AIDS, Final Logistic Regression Model

Characteristics*	No Cataract	Cataract	Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	Unadjusted P-value	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	Adjusted P-value
Age (per 10 years)	NA	NA	2.83 (1.88, 4.25)	< 0.0001	2.61 (1.68, 4.05)	< 0.0001
HIV viral load [Log10(copies/mL)]
< 2.6 (undetectable)	1329 (98%)	25 (2%)	1.00		1.00
2.6 or higher	1686 (99%)	10 (1%)	0.32 (0.13, 0.72)	0.0061	0.32 (0.12, 0.80)	0.0141
Anterior inflammation**
No	3088 (99%)	33 (1%)	1.00		1.00
Yes	87 (96%)	4 (4%)	5.99 (2.1, 17.03)	0.0008	5.31 (1.54, 18.24)	0.0079
History of retinal detachment***
No	3158 (99%)	30 (1%)	1.00		1.00
Yes	17 (71%)	7 (29%)	28.08 (6.89, 1114.29)	< 0.0001	48.66 (13.81, 171.40)	< 0.0001

HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; NA = not applicable (age is a numerical variable).

^*The following characteristics were evaluated but not included in the final logistic regression model (summarized in Table 4, available at: http://aaojournal.org) since they were not significantly associated with cataract at the time of cohort entry: gender, race/ethnicity, education, Karnofsky score, anemia, hyperlipidemia, time since AIDS diagnosis, current CD4+ T-cell count, nadir CD4+ T-cell count, current use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and hepatitis C. African American race and vitreous inflammation had no crude association with cataract at the time of cohort entry, but were associated after adjustment for the factors above. Hepatitis B, diabetes, and hypertension were associated with increased risk of prevalent cataract that was attributable to counfounding by the variables included in the final multiple logistic regression model above.

^**Anterior chamber cells or flare, diagnosis with anterior uveitis or keratitis, presence of posterior synechiae, or a combination thereof.

^***Retinal detachment includes individuals with a documented history of retinal detachment and/or the presence of silicone oil.