Table 4.
Utilization of banana/plantain by-products as substrates for the production of non-food cellulose, cellulolytic enzymes, and organic acids
| Products | Banana by-products used as substrate | Microorganism and macroorganism used | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-food cellulose | Pseudostem | Mix cultures from banana plantation soil | Zainol and Abdul Rahman (2008) |
| Cellulolytic enzymes | |||
| Crude Cellulases | Pseudostem | Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus | Mena-Espino et al. (2011) |
| Exoglucanase | Floral stalk | Bacillus subtilis | Shafique et al. (2004) |
| a-amylase | Banana peels | Helminthosporium oxysporium, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Penicillium frequestans. | Adeniran and Abiose (2009) |
| Floral stalk | Aspergillus oryzae | Ragunathan and Swaminathan (2005) | |
| Mix enzymes (Not specified) | Leaves and pseudostem | Trichoderma lignorum | Baig (2005) |
| Not specified | Banana floral stalk | Neurospora sitophila | Asad et al. (2006) |
| Laccase | Banana peels | Trametes pubescens | Osma et al. (2007) |
| laccase, lignin peroxidase, xylanase, endo-1,4-_-d-glucanase and exo-1,4-_-nglucanase | Leaves and pseudostem | Phylosticta spp. MPS-001 Aspergillus spp. MPS-002 | Shah et al. (2005) |
| Levansucrase | Not specified | Bacillus megaterium | Ahmed (2008) |
| Polygalacturonase | Leaf parts | Streptomyces lindicus | Jacob and Prema (2008) |
| Xylanase | Banana peels | Trichoderma harzianum 1073 | Seyis and Aksoz (2005) |
| Organic Acid | |||
| Citric Acid | Banana peels | Aspergillus niger | Vidhya and Neethu (2009) |