Table 1.
Demographic and clinical profile of sepsis patients
| Criterion | 1st day of diagnosis | 5th day of diagnosis | p valuea | Normal range (reference) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 32 | 26b | ||
| Sex (male/female) | 10/22 | 10/16 | ||
| Race (Caucasian/African American) | 17/15 | 16/10 | ||
| Age (years) | 64 ± 14c | 62 ± 14 | 0.59 | |
| SOFA scored | 10 ± 4 | 5 ± 2 | < 0.0001 | |
| P/F ratioe | 265 ± 24 | 306 ± 23 | 0.39 | 450[48] |
| White blood cell (WBC) counts (103/μL) | 17.2 ± 1.5 | 14.4 ± 1.0 | 0.13 | 4–11[49, 50] |
| Bands (immature neutrophils) (%) | 25.9 ± 2.8 | 11.8 ± 1.8 | < 0.05 | 0–10[51] |
| Mature neutrophils (%) | 69.4 ± 3.4 | 61.8 ± 5.2 | 0.19 | 40–60[52] |
| Total neutrophils (%) | 84.6 ± 2.2 | 68.6 ± 5.7 | < 0.05 | 35–80[51] |
| Absolute neutrophil counts (NBC) (103/μL) | 14.5 ± 1·3 | 9.1 ± 1.2 | < 0.05 | 1.8–7.5[49, 51] |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 9.0 ± 1·3 | 7.0 ± 1·0 | 0.25 | 20–50[53] |
| Absolute Lymphocyte counts (103/μL) | 1.4 ± 0·2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.16 | 1.94 ± 0.79[54] |
| Monocytes (%) | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 5.8 ± 0.6 | 0.50 | 5.8 ± 2.8[55] |
| Absolute Monocyte counts (103/μL) | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.32 | 0.32 ± 0.20[54] |
Note:
a
Statistical comparison between the first day and fifth day after patients were enrolled and diagnosed in Palmetto Health Richland Medical intensive care unit (ICU);
b
5 patients deceased, 1 patient discharged;
c
Mean ± standard deviation;
d
SOFA score, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, a scoring system to determine the extent of a person’s organ function or rate of failure [12];
e
P/F ratio, ratio of PaO2/FiO2, an index of arterial oxygenation efficiency that corresponds to ratio of partial pressure of arterial O2 to the fraction of inspired O2.