Figure 10.

Invasion of the stroma by tumor clusters in 2D simple ducts for different membrane stiffnesses: [a] A = 10; [b]: A = 20. In each case, the cell-BM adhesion θ = 0. The pressure (background), tumor (red; ϕ_T = 0.5 contours), membrane (green; ψ = 0.5 contours) and necrotic core (magenta; ϕ_D = 0.5 contours) are shown. A smaller membrane stiffness ([a]) leads to limited invasion and a larger membrane stiffness ([b]) leads to more invasive tumors. $\widetilde{∊}=0.04,{\nu }_p^H=0.5$ see Table 1 for other parameters.