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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Math Biosci. 2014 Jul 19;257:50–59. doi: 10.1016/j.mbs.2014.07.003

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Model components and physiological pathways. Left panel: CC denotes the control center (located within the nucleus solitary tract), which integrates all sensory inputs. Right panel: A drop in blood pressure (p) detected at aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors causes a decrease in stretch of the vessel wall (εW) and subsequently the baroreceptor neurons (ε1), as a result afferent firing rate (f) decreases inhibiting/stimulating parasympathetic (TP) and sympathetic (TS) outflow, inhibiting/stimulating the release of acetylcholine (CA)/noradrenaline (CN). Total intercellular compounds associated with acetylcholine (CAT) and noradrenaline (CNT) are inhibited and stimulated, respectively leading to an increase in heart rate (h).