[Table/Fig-3]:
S. No. | Author | Year | No. of patients | First stage with epidural | Second stage with epidural |
1 | Thorp et al., [18] | 1993 | 93 | Prolong | Prolong |
2 | Bofill et al., [19] | 1997 | 100 | No effect | No effect |
3 | Halpren et al., [20] | 1998 | 2369 | Prolong | Prolong |
4 | Zimmer EZ et al., [21] | 2000 | 847 | - | Prolong |
5 | Barbara et al., [7] | 2002 | - | No effect | Prolong |
6 | Sharma et al., [22] | 2004 | 2703 | Prolong | Prolong |
7 | Liu [23] | 2004 | 2962 | - | Prolong |
8 | Fernandez-Guisasola [24] | 2004 | 4364 | Prolong | Prolong |
9 | Sienko J et al., [25] | 2005 | 1334 | Prolong | Prolong |
10 | Anim Souman et al., [8] | 2005 | 6664 | Prolong | Prolong |
11 | Wu CY et al., [26] | 2005 | 412 | Prolong | Prolong |
12 | Zhang et al., [27] | 2005 | 722 | Prolong | Prolong |
13 | Wong et al., [15] | 2005 | 750 | Short | No effect |
14 | Shahram Nafisi [28] | 2006 | 395 | No effect | No effect |
15 | Liang [29] | 2007 | 583 | Prolong | Prolong |
16 | Fyneface-Ogan et al., [16] | 2009 | 50 | Short | Short |
17 | Raja [30] | 2009 | 156 | - | Prolong |
18 | Anwer et al., [31] | 2010 | 70 | - | Prolong |
19 | Anim-Somuah et al., [32] | 2011 | 9658 | - | Prolong |
20 | Mousa et al., [33] | 2012 | 160 | No effect | No effect |
21 | Present study | 2014 | 120 | Short | Prolong |