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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Biosci Bioeng. 2014 Jun 25;118(6):732–735. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.05.021

Figure 1.

Figure 1

TGF-β-induced SMAD pathway and collagen production. Stable 3T3/NIH-SMAD-luciferase cells were generated from lentiviral transduction followed by puromycin selection. Cells were seeded into a 6-well plate at the density of 100,000 cells/well and incubated overnight. After a pre-incubation period of 6 hrs in serum-free medium, the cells were treated with 10 ng/ml of TGF-β1 for 16 hrs and analyzed for SMAD signaling activity and collagen production by (A) luciferase assay, (B) Western blot assay, (C) Picro-Sirius red assay, and (D) Sirius red/fast green staining. * = significant difference from control with P<0.05. Wild-type 3T3/NIH cells were used as a negative control for luciferase assay. Values obtained from the wild-type cells were subtracted from the test values before calculating relative luciferase activity.