Table 1.
Participant demographics and scores on cognitive tests at baseline, grouped by final cognitive status.
| Final cognitive status | CN, n=746 | CI, n=149 | Entire sample*, n=895 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at baseline, mean (SD), y | 68.4 (7.7) | 78.3 (7.1) | 70.1 (8.4) |
| Education, mean (SD), y | 16.4 (2.5) | 16.4 (2.4) | 16.4 (2.5) |
| Male, No. (%) | 425 (57.0%) | 86 (57.7%) | 511 (57.1%) |
| White, No. (%) | 540 (72.4%) | 132 (88.6%) | 672 (75.1%) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 27.1 (4.3) | 25.7 (3.7) | 26.8 (4.3) |
| Smoking status, No. (%) | |||
| Never | 311 (41.7%) | 60 (40.3%) | 371 (41.5%) |
| Former | 386 (51.7%) | 80 (53.7%) | 466 (52.1%) |
| Current | 28 (3.8%) | 7 (4.7%) | 35 (3.9%) |
| Alcohol intake, No. (%) | |||
| None | 287 (38.5%) | 46 (30.9%) | 333 (37.2%) |
| <1 drink per day | 222 (29.8%) | 51 (34.2%) | 273 (30.5%) |
| ≥1 drink per day | 217 (29.1%) | 50 (33.6%) | 267 (29.8%) |
| Hypertension, No. (%) | |||
| No | 445 (59.6%) | 88 (59.1%) | 533 (59.6%) |
| Yes | 281 (37.7%) | 59 (39.6%) | 340 (38.0%) |
| Diabetes, No. (%) | |||
| No | 672 (90.1%) | 141 (94.6%) | 813 (90.8%) |
| Yes | 54 (7.2%) | 6 (4.0%) | 60 (6.7%) |
| Prior cardiovasc. disease†, No. (%) | |||
| No | 689 (92.4%) | 139 (93.3%) | 828 (92.5%) |
| Yes | 37 (5.0%) | 8 (5.4%) | 45 (5.0%) |
| Number of visits, mean (SD) | 5.3 (3.2) | 5.1 (2.9) | 5.3 (3.2) |
| Interval between visits, mean (SD), y | 1.89 (1.0) | 1.74 (1.0) | 1.87 (1.0) |
| Scores on cognitive tests at baseline, mean (SD) | |||
| MMSE | 28.7 (1.5) | 27.7 (2.2) | 28.5 (1.7) |
| BMS | 1.3 (1.7) | 2.1 (2.5) | 1.4 (1.9) |
| CVLT immediate recall | 52.5 (10.9) | 43.3 (11.3) | 51.0 (11.5) |
| CVLT short delayed free recall | 10.4 (3.2) | 7.7 (3.4) | 10.0 (3.4) |
| CVLT long delayed free recall | 11.0 (3.2) | 8.4 (3.4) | 10.6 (3.4) |
| BVRT error | 5.4 (3.8) | 8.8 (4.3) | 6.0 (4.1) |
CN = cognitively normal; CI = cognitively impaired; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; BMS = Blessed Information Memory Concentration Score; CVLT = California Verbal Learning Test; BVRT = Benton Visual Retention Test.
*
Education information was missing for 4 participants, BMI for 29, and smoking status for 23. A total of 22 participants had missing values for alcohol intake, hypertension, diabetes, and prior cardiovascular disease.
†
Defined as myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure.