Table 3.
Secondary outcomes
| Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | 9 months | 12 months | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n Mean (SD) | n Mean (SD) | n Mean (SD) | n Mean (SD) | n Mean (SD) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 219 128 (16.2) | 191 124 (16.1) P < 0.001 | 147 120 (15.8) P < 0.001 | 113 118 (15.3) P < 0.001 | 105 118 (15.4) P < 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg·m–2) | 230 44.1 (7.8) | 218 42.7 (7.7) P < 0.001 | 195 41.8 (7.7) P < 0.001 | 149 41.2 (7.8) P < 0.001 | 170 41.0 (7.6) P < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 228 131 (13.7) | – | – | – | 122 122 (11.2) P < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 228 76.0 (9.3) | – | – | – | 122 71.3 (7.5) P < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (mmol·mol–1) | 70 57.8 (15.3) | 39 54.5 (14.5) P = 0.001 | 39 53.5 (15.0) P = 0.009 | 22 51.0 (11.0) P = 0.113 | 60 53.7 (14.1) P = 0.006 |
| Fruit and vegetable intake (portions per day) | 228 4.2 (2.1) | 202 5.6 (1.7) P < 0.001 | 162 5.8 (1.7) P < 0.001 | 119 51.0 (11.0) P = 0.113 | 104 6.4 (1.7) P < 0.001 |
| Physical activity index* | 228 3.4 (1.0) | 210 2.9 (1.2) P < 0.001 | 169 2.7 (1.2) P < 0.001 | 126 2.7 (1.2) P < 0.001 | 111 2.8 (1.2) P < 0.001 |
| EQ-5D-5L | 203 2.0 (0.8) | 165 1.8 (0.7) P < 0.001 | 131 1.8 (0.8) P < 0.001 | 93 1.7 (0.7) P < 0.001 | 81 1.7 (0.7) P < 0.001 |
| EQ-VAS | 202 55.6 (21.7) | 173 63.0 (19.4) P < 0.001 | 134 65.9 (21.7) P < 0.001 | 92 69.9 (19.0) P < 0.001 | 81 73.7 (18.6) P < 0.001 |
*
Mean physical activity index score calculated as the average of 1 = active, 2 = inactive, 3 = moderately inactive and 4 = inactive, therefore a higher mean score indicates participants are more inactive.
EQ-VAS, Euroqual visual analogue scale; SD, standard deviation.