Table 3.
Characteristics of 306 patients with resected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma assessed in the present study
| Covariate | n | All | AMC (n = 133) | MSKCC (n = 173) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, male, n (%) | 306 | 179 (58%) | 79 (59%) | 100 (58%) |
| Age, years, mean (range) | 306 | 63 (30–89) | 62 (30–82) | 64 (34–89) |
| Weight loss of >5 kg, n (%) | 266 | 169 (64%) | 69 (62%) | 100 (65%) |
| Jaundice, n (%) | 303 | 215 (71%) | 104 (80%) | 111 (64%) |
| Preoperative bilirubin, ml/dl, mean (range) | 270 | 3.0 (0.2–35.6) | 1.2 (0.2–8.7) | 4.0 (0.2–35.6) |
| Bismuth stage, n (%) | 306 | |||
| 1 | 58 (19%) | 20 (15%) | 38 (22%) | |
| 2 | 39 (13%) | 18 (14%) | 21 (12%) | |
| 3a | 79 (26%) | 39 (29%) | 40 (23%) | |
| 3b | 64 (21%) | 26 (20%) | 38 (22%) | |
| 4 | 43 (14%) | 18 (14%) | 25 (14%) | |
| Left or right bile duct, n (%) | 23 (8%) | 12 (9%) | 11 (6%) | |
| Lobar atrophy, n (%) | 300 | |||
| No | 211 (70%) | 104 (81%) | 107 (63%) | |
| Right | 38 (13%) | 15 (12%) | 23 (13%) | |
| Left | 51 (17%) | 10 (8%) | 41 (24%) | |
| Portal vein involvement, n (%) | 272 | |||
| No | 176 (65%) | 68 (67%) | 108 (63%) | |
| Right | 36 (13%) | 11 (11%) | 25 (15%) | |
| Left | 54 (20%) | 19 (19%) | 35 (20%) | |
| Main | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Bilateral | 2 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 0 | |
| Preoperative drainage, n (%) | 304 | |||
| No | 61 (20%) | 17 (13%) | 44 (25%) | |
| PTC | 51 (17%) | 11 (8%) | 40 (23%) | |
| ERCP | 156 (51%) | 84 (64%) | 72 (42%) | |
| Both | 36 (12%) | 19 (15%) | 17 (10%) | |
| Type of resection, n (%) | 306 | |||
| Bile duct resection only | 53 (17%) | 21 (16%) | 32 (19%) | |
| Left hepatectomy | 88 (29%) | 37 (28%) | 51 (30%) | |
| Right hepatectomy | 24 (8%) | 8 (6%) | 16 (9%) | |
| Extended left hepatectomy | 25 (8%) | 15 (11%) | 10 (6%) | |
| Extended right hepatectomy | 90 (29%) | 32 (24%) | 58 (34%) | |
| Central hepatectomy | 26 (8%) | 20 (15%) | 6 (3%) | |
| Caudate resectiona, n (%) | 302 | 137 (45%) | 74 (57%) | 63 (36%) |
| Papillary tumour, n (%) | 306 | 57 (19%) | 18 (14%) | 39 (23%) |
| Positive margin, n (%) | 306 | 84 (28%) | 39 (29%) | 45 (26%) |
| Differentiation, good, n (%) | 297 | 69 (23%) | 29 (23%) | 40 (24%) |
| Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 299 | 78 (26%) | 24 (19%) | 54 (31%) |
| Perineural invasion, n (%) | 306 | 211 (69%) | 91 (68%) | 120 (69%) |
a
The caudate resection rate is relatively low because 19% of the study population had a Bismuth 1 tumour: these patients typically did not undergo any liver resection. Moreover, in the early 1990s, caudate resections were less commonly performed.
AMC, Academic Medical Centre (Amsterdam, the Netherlands); MSKCC, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY, USA); PTC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.