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. 2014 Sep 5;171(22):5076–5092. doi: 10.1111/bph.12824

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Description of the handling effect and circadian rhythm in MAP, HR, CO, SV and TPR in SHR (A) and WKY rats (B) after vehicle administration. Data are from study 1 and study 2 from all treatment groups. Handling of the rats caused a temporary increase in HR, TPR, CO and MAP and decrease in SV that was independent of drug exposure. The handling effect is visible at 1000 h that is when the rats were dosed with vehicle as indicated by the arrows. Two SHR were also dosed at 1300 h (not indicated in the plot). The grey dots represent the observations, which are connected by the continuous grey lines, the dashed black lines represent the mean of the observations and the continuous black lines represent the population prediction by the developed extended CVS model.