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. 2014 Nov 27;14:334. doi: 10.1186/s12888-014-0334-4

Table 3.

Emotion regulation and rumination

Controls Prev. depr. t -test
M SD M SD df t p d
Cognitive reappraisal 30.6 6.5 28.1 6.8 171 −2.49 .014 −.37
Expressive suppression 11.1 3.9 12.9 4.8 171 2.37 .019 .39
Rumination full scale 35.5 8.9 53.6 11.7 165a −10.63 .000 1.31
Brooding 8.0 2.6 11.6 3.5 162b −7.80 .000 .99
Reflection 9.1 3.5 11.8 3.4 171 −5.07 .000 .74

aSix cases were excluded due to missing item values.

bOne case was excluded due to missing item values. Equal variances not assumed.