Table 2.
Collagen-modifying enzymes and molecular chaperones in PDL
| Protein name (gene symbol) |
Function | Human disease |
Expression in PDL |
Mecliano- response in PDL |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prolyl-4-hydroxylases | PH | UN | ◯ | ND | [59] |
| Prolyl-3-hydroxylase | PH | UN | ND | ND | |
| LH1 (PLOD1) | LH | EDS type VIA | ◯ | - | (Kaku, unpublished) |
| LH2 (PLOD2) | LH | Bruck syndrome | ◯ | ◯ | [70](Kaku, unpublished) |
| LH3 (PLOD3) | GGT | Connective tissue disorder | ◯ | - | (Kaku, unpublished) |
| GLT25D1 | GT | UN | ND | ND | |
| GLT25D2 | GT | UN | ND | ND | |
| HSP47 | Molecular chaperone |
OI type X | ◯ | ◯ | [176] |
| SPARC | Molecular chaperone |
UN | ◯ | ND | [79] |
| Cyclophilin B (PPIB) | PPIase | OI type IX | ND | ND | |
| FKBP65 (FKBP10) | PPIase | OI type XI, Bruck syndrome | ND | ND | |
| FKBP22 (FKBP14) | PPIase | EDS type VIA and VIB | ND | ND | |
| ADAMTS-2 | PNP | EDS type VIIC | ND | ND | |
| ADAMTS-3 | PNP | UN | ND | ND | |
| ADAMTS-14 | PNP | UN | ND | ND | |
| BMP1/TLD | PCP | OI type XIII | ◯ | ND | [177] |
| LOX | LO | Lathyrism | ◯ | ◯ | [19,178] |
| LOXL1 | LO | Exofoliation syndrome | ◯ | ND | [178] |
| LOXL2 | UN | UN | ◯ | ND | [178] |
| LOXL3 | UN | UN | ND | ND | |
| LOXL4 | UN | UN | ND | ND |
PH; Prolyl hydroxylase
GT; Hydroxylysine galactosyl transferase
GGT; Galactosylhydroxylysine-glucosyl transferase
FKBP; FK506 binding protein
PNP; Procollagen N proteinase
LOX; Lysyl oxidase
OI; Osteogenesis imperfecta
UN; Unknown
LH; Lysyl hydroxylase
PPIase; Peptidylprolylisomerase
PCP; Procollagen C proteinase
EDS; Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
ND; Not determined