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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Cell Biol. 2014 Sep 10;24(11):703–711. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.08.003

Figure 3.

Figure 3

CTCF and cohesin regulate antigen receptor diversity in T and B lymphocytes. Antigen receptor diversity of B and T cells is generated by the rearrangement of different variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) gene segments in individual lymphocytes. CTCF influences the outcome of V(D)J recombination by regulating enhancer-promoter interactions and locus compaction. The general organization of the TCRα and IgH loci are shown. (A) In the TCRα locus of thymocytes, co-binding of the CTCF/cohesin complex at the TEA promoter and the Eα enhancer results in a DNA loop that is required to activate transcription of the nearby housekeeping gene Dad1. (B) In the Igh locus of pre-pro-B cells, CTCF-mediated looping between the Eμ enhancer and 3′ regulatory region (3′ RR) with distinct DH-JH-CH gene segments is required for ordered (DH–JH) recombination. CTCF-binding at intergenic control region 1 (IGCR1) blocks the influence of the Eμ enhancer on proximal variable (VH) regions.