Table 2.
Outcomes of periocular corticosteroid injections*
| Anterior uveitis | Intermediate uveitis | Posterior or Panuveitis | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment outcomes | Events per eye-year [95% CI] Cumulative risk % [95% CI] |
Events per eye-year [95% CI] Cumulative risk % [95% CI] |
Events per eye-year [95% CI] Cumulative risk % [95% CI] |
Events per eye-year [95% CI] Cumulative risk % [95% CI] |
| Inflammation (within ≤6 months) | ||||
| Resolution of inflammation (“no activity”) | 1.36 [1.21-1.56] 88.9 [83.9-92.9] |
0.96 [0.83-1.11] 66.9 [60.2-73.5] |
0.90 [0.80-1.05] 63.6 [57.0-70.2] |
1.06 [0.97-1.14] 72.7 [69.1-76.3] |
| Improvement to “no activity” or slightly active” | 1.43[1.25-1.61] 95.7 [92.1-98.0] |
1.14 [0.97-1.27] 78.1 [72.2-83.6] |
1.05 [0.92-1.19] 75.9 [70.0-81.3] |
1.19 [1.11-1.29] 82.8 [79.7-85.7] |
| Visual acuity (within ≤6 months) | ||||
| Improvement to 20/40 or better | 0.86 [0.71-1.02] 50.4 [42.8-58.4] |
0.77 [0.64-0.92] 55.7[48.1-63.7] |
0.59 [0.49-0.70] 44.6 [38.1-51.7] |
0.72 [0.64-0.78] 49.7 [45.5-54.1] |
| Macular edema affecting VA** (within ≤6 months) | ||||
| Improved | 0.53 [0.28-0.93] 29.4 [15.4-51.5] |
0.60 [0.38-0.89] 34.7 [23.2-49.8] |
0.57 [0.33-0.91] 34.3 [21.6-51.7] |
0.57 [0.43-0.75] 33.1 [25.2-42.7] |
| Incident | 0.19 [0.10-0.33] 14.8 [10.1-21.5] |
0.28 [0.18-0.42] 20.7 [15.1-28.0] |
0.28 [0.19-0.40] 17.0 [12.3-23.2] |
0.26 [0.20-0.33] 17.6 [14.5-21.3] |
| IOP elevation (within ≤12 months)* | ||||
| Increase to ≥24 mmHg | 0.29 [0.22-0.38] 67.9 [28.2-97.9] |
0.25 [0.18-0.32] 25.6 [19.2-33.6] |
0.26 [0.20-0.33] 27.3 [20.8-35.4] |
0.26 [0.23-0.31] 34.0 [24.8-45.4] |
| Increase to ≥30 mmHg | 0.14 [0.09-0.20] 16.4[10.4-25.2] |
0.12 [0.08-0.17] 14.5 [9.6-21.5] |
0.13 [0.09-0.18] 14.5 [9.7-21.3] |
0.13 [0.10-0.16] 15.0 [11.8-19.1] |
| Incident glaucoma surgery (within ≤12 months) | 0.03 [0.01-0.06] 3.1 [1.4-6.9] |
0.03 [0.01-0.06] 2.9 [1.3-6.3] |
0.01 [0.002-0.03] 1.3 [0.4-4.0] |
0.02 [0.01-0.04] 2.4 [1.4-3.9] |
| Incident cataract causing VA worse than 20/40 (within ≤12 months) | 0.14 [0.09-0.20] 21.4 [13.6-32.7] |
0.14 [0.09-0.19] 21.2 [13.7-32.2] |
0.14 [0.10-0.19] 18.6 [12.5-27.0] |
0.14 [0.11-0.17] 20.2 [15.9-25.6 |
| Incident cataract surgery (within ≤12 months) | 0.18 [0.12-0.26] 18.8 [13.2-26.3] |
0.07 [0.04-0.11] 7.2 [4.3-11.9] |
0.15 [0.11-0.22] 17.3[12.2-24.1] |
0.13 [0.10-0.16] 13.8[11.1-17.2] |
Cumulative incidences for efficacy related outcomes, such as resolution of inflammation, improvement in macular edema affecting VA or improvement in visual acuity, are evaluated at 6 months; cumulative incidences for adverse effect related outcomes such as IOP elevation, glaucoma, cataract and cataract surgery are evaluated at 12 months. Results are calculated among all eligible eyes (with at least 1 periocular injection) that are at risk of each respective outcome. For example, for the outcome improvement to visual acuity equal or better than 20/40, only eyes that were worse than 20/40 at baseline were included in analyses for this outcome. Events per eye-year are calculated by taking the number of eyes with the event in the defined time period and dividing by the total eye-years at risk for that time period.
Macular edema affecting VA is defined as eyes with macular edema and VA worse than 20/40 where the vision loss was attributed to macular edema. Resolution in such cases is defined as ≥0.2 logMAR improvement in VA. Incident macular edema is defined as eyes with VA of 20/40 or better and no macular edema at the time of first injection that developed visual acuity worse than 20/40 with macular edema recorded as the cause of vision loss.