Table 1.
Maternal and Child Characteristics for 949 Project Viva Participants
| Complete Data | Imputed Data | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Total | Quartile of Lead | |||||
| N | Mean (SD) or N (%) | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||
| Mean (SD) or % | |||||||
| Maternal Characteristics | |||||||
| RBC Lead Level (ug/dL) | 829 | 1.22 (0.59) | 1.22 (0.62) | 0.65 (0.15) Med= 0.68 | 0.96 (0.09) Med=0.95 | 1.27 (0.12) Med=1.27 | 2.02 (0.60) Med=1.85 |
| Recreated WB Lead Level (ug/dL)1 | 742 | 0.41 (0.20) | 0.42 (0.21) | 0.22 (0.05) | 0.33 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.05) | 0.68 (0.21) |
| Gestational Age at Lead Measurement (weeks) | 943 | 27.9 (1.4) | 27.9 (1.4) | 27.8 (1.4) | 27.8 (1.4) | 27.9 (1.5) | 28 (1.5) |
| Hematocrit (%) | 854 | 34.0 (2.4) | 34.0 (2.5) | 34.0 (2.7) | 34.2 (2.7) | 34.0 (2.6) | 33.9 (2.6) |
| Pre-Pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 945 | 24.6 (5.1) | 24.6 (5.1) | 24.5 (5.2) | 24.3 (5.1) | 24.7 (5.5) | 24.8 (5.4) |
| GWG (kgs) | 938 | 15.6 (5.3) | 15.6 (5.4) | 15.6 (5.3) | 15.8 (5.6) | 15.6 (6.1) | 15.2 (5.5) |
| Age (years) | 949 | 32.4 (4.9) | 32.4 (4.9) | 31.3 (5.3) | 32.0 (5.1) | 32.8 (5.1) | 33.3 (5.0) |
| Total energy-adjusted 2nd trimester Calcium intake (mg) | 946 | 1437 (385) | 1436 (385) | 1521 (415) | 1422 (376) | 1402 (402) | 1400 (412) |
| Income <= $70k | 901 | 334 (37.1%) | 37.9% | 32.9% | 38.7% | 40.9% | 39.2% |
| Smoked in Pregnancy | 947 | 111 (11.7%) | 11.7% | 10.7% | 10.2% | 11.4% | 14.7% |
| Caucasian | 946 | 709 (75.0%) | 75.0% | 81.5% | 80.4% | 73.2% | 64.8% |
| Non-US Born | 937 | 175 (18.7%) | 18.6% | 10.8% | 14.6% | 21.9% | 27.2% |
| Nulliparious | 949 | 470 (49.5%) | 49.5% | 53.1% | 46.4% | 47.5% | 51.0% |
| Child Characteristics | |||||||
| Male | 949 | 475 (50.1%) | 50.1% | 47.4% | 53.2% | 48.3% | 51.3% |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) | 949 | 64 (6.7%) | 6.7% | 5.1% | 5.3% | 7.2% | 9.5% |
| Males | 475 | 35 (7.4%) | 7.4% | 2.9% | 5.5% | 8.7% | 12.1% |
| Females | 474 | 29 (6.1%) | 6.1% | 7.0% | 5.1% | 5.7% | 6.6% |
| Gestational Age (weeks) | 949 | 39.5 (1.7) | 39.5 (1.7) | 39.6 (1.7) | 39.7 (1.6) | 39.5 (1.9) | 39.4 (1.8) |
| Birthweight (grams) | 949 | 3505 (520) | 3505 (520) | 3527 (567) | 3538 (548) | 3502 (535) | 3452 (549) |
| Head circumference (cm) | 596 | 34.1 (1.3) | 34.0 (1.5) | 34.1 (1.6) | 34.1 (1.5) | 34.0 (1.5) | 34.0 (1.6) |
| Birth length (cm) | 541 | 49.9 (2.1) | 49.7 (2.4) | 49.8 (2.5) | 49.9 (2.3) | 49.7 (2.7) | 49.5 (2.5) |
| Birthweight for gestational age z-score | 949 | 0.22 (0.93) | 0.22 (0.93) | 0.26 (1.00) | 0.25 (1.02) | 0.25 (0.92) | 0.13 (0.99) |
1
RBC Lead Level * Hematocrit. RBC Lead level is approximately 3 times the whole blood level.