Table 4. Summary of different assays performed in the experiment and the results obtained in each of the groups.

Experimental set-up	Tests	Gr. A	Gr. B	Gr. C	MSC only
2D or indirect culture	Alamar blue, ALP assay, RT-PCR of osteogenic markers	No difference
	RT-PCR of VEGF	No difference		Increased	No difference
3D or direct culture	Alamar blue, ALP assay, SEM or cell attachment	No difference
	Cu2+ quantification	–	+	+++	–
		Group I	Group II	Group III	Group IV	Group V
2D indirect assay with both MSCs and ECs	Matrigel assay with the end-of-time cells	All shows positive tube formation.
	Light microscopy					Tube-like formation
	Flow cytometry for VWF				Wk 1∶77%; Wk 2∶60.3%	Wk 1∶92.5%, Wk 2∶95.1%
	Flow cytometry for KDR				Wk 1∶34%, Wk 2∶16.5%	Wk 1∶66%, Wk 2∶47%
	Flow cytometry for CD 31				Wk 1∶90%, Wk 2∶97.3%	Wk 1∶95.5%, Wk 2∶98%
	Acetylated LDL uptake	+	+	+	+	+
	VEGF in media	–	–	–	++	++
	Cu2+ quantification	–	–	+	–	+

(Kindly refer the text for details).