Table 1. Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analyses.
| First author | Bozaoglu | Wang | Bozaoglu | Jialal | Chu | Lehrke | Kim | Alfadda | |
| Year | 2009 | 2009 | 2007 | 2013 | 2012 | 2009 | 2013 | 2012 | |
| study population (n) | Mexican-American \ MS(969) | China/Obesity (76) | Mauritius/Obesity OR MS(142) | America/MS (45) | Korea \ MS (92) | Germany \ MS (303) | Korea/Obesity (35) | Saudi Arabia/Obesity (125) | |
| Correlation | Coefficient | S | S | S OR P | S | P | S | S | P |
| Diabetes markers | FPG | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| 2HPG | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
| FSI | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| HOMA-IR | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| HbA1c | X | X | |||||||
| Obesity markers | BMI | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| TBF% | X | X | X | X | |||||
| WC | X | X | X | ||||||
| WHR | X | X | X | ||||||
| Adiponectin | X | X | X | X | |||||
| Leptin | X | X | |||||||
| Metabolic syndrome markers | SBP | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| DBP | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
| LDL-C | X | X | X | ||||||
| HDL-C | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| TG | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
| TC | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| CRP | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
| ALT | X | X | |||||||
| r-GT | X | X |
ALT, Alanine Aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FSI, fasting serum insulin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; r-GT, r-Glutamyl Transpeptidase; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistence index; 2HPG, 2H postprandial plasma glucose; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; P, Pearson correlation coefficient; S, Spearman correlation coefficient; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TBF%, total body fat (%); WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-hip ratio.