Fig. 6.
NPD1 promoted pro-healing HGF and IL-10 expression but suppressed formation of inflammatory markers TNF-α, LTB4, and TXB2, and oxidative stress marker 8-isoprostane by diabetic db/db-MΦs. A: HGF. B: IL-10. C: TNF-α. D: TXB2. E: LTB4. F: 8-isoprostane. MΦs (3 × 105) of db/db mice were incubated under hypoxia with 25 mM glucose, 100 ng/ml LPS, and NPD1 at 0, 20, or 200 nM (24 h). The supernatant of the final medium was analyzed by ELISA. Data are expressed as means ± SE (n = 4). Significant difference vs. db/db-MΦs without NPD1 treatment: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.