Table 5.
Summary of identified marker changes
| Marker | Directional Change in ADPKD | Signaling Pathway | Association With |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADMA | Increase | Nitric oxide cycle | eGFR (unadjusted), TKV/BSA (model 1) |
| SDMA | Increase | Nitric oxide cycle | eGFR (model 2), TKV/BSA (model 2) |
| Homocysteine | Increase | Methylation cycle | eGFR (model 2), TKV/BSA (unadjusted) |
| Methionine | Increase | Methylation cycle | eGFR (model 2) |
| SAH | Increase | Methylation cycle | eGFR (model 2) |
| SAM | Decrease | Methylation cycle | |
| SAM/SAH ratio | Decrease | Methylation cycle | eGFR (model 2), TKV/BSA (model 2) |
| PGD2 | Increase | Cyclooxygenases | eGFR (model 2) |
| PGE2 | Increase | Cyclooxygenases | eGFR (unadjusted), TKV/BSA (model 1) |
| PGF2α | Increase | Cyclooxygenases | eGFR (model 2), TKV/BSA (model 2) |
| 8-Isoprostane | Increase | Cyclooxygenases | eGFR (unadjusted), TKV/BSA (model 2) |
Presented is a proposed combinatorial biomarker that merits further clinical development and validation for the monitoring and possibly also prediction of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)-related disease processes and their severity.