Table 3.
Mean (standard deviation) and effect size estimates for domain-specific measures of cognitive function over time in treated and untreated patients with mild–moderate Alzheimer’s disease
| Measure |
Assessment |
Mean (standard deviation) |
Effect size |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Treated | Untreated | (Cohen’s d ) | |
| DRS attention |
Baseline |
34.5 (3.2) |
35.1 (2.0) |
|
| |
1 year |
33.6 (3.9) |
33.6 (3.9) |
0.50 |
| |
2 years |
31.7 (5.2) |
30.2 (7.8) |
0.40 |
| DRS initiation |
Baseline |
29.6 (6.1) |
27.2 (6.2) |
|
| |
1 year |
28.6 (6.5) |
25.4 (7.8) |
0.51 |
| |
2 years |
24.6 (9.2) |
19.6 (8.7) |
0.50 |
| DRS construction |
Baseline |
5.0 (1.2) |
5.4 (1.4) |
|
| |
1 year |
5.0 (1.3) |
4.9 (1.8) |
0.52 |
| |
2 years |
4.3 (1.7) |
4.4 (2.0) |
|
| DRS conceptualization |
Baseline |
33.3 (5.8) |
34.2 (3.8) |
|
| |
1 year |
34.4 (4.6) |
32.0 (6.3) |
0.53 |
| |
2 years |
31.4 (7.1) |
27.2 (10.5) |
0.60 |
| DRS memory |
Baseline |
16.9 (4.0) |
15.8 (4.3) |
|
| |
1 year |
15.5 (4.2) |
14.1 (4.0) |
|
| |
2 years |
12.3 (5.0) |
10.4 (4.1) |
|
| VR2 |
Baseline |
3.4 (5.9) |
4.4 (5.6) |
|
| |
1 year |
3.0 (5.4) |
1.6 (3.8) |
|
| |
2 years |
1.7 (5.4) |
1.3 (2.6) |
|
| BDS |
Baseline |
5.3 (2.2) |
5.1 (2.5) |
|
| |
1 year |
4.9 (2.1) |
4.5 (2.4) |
0.40 |
| |
2 years |
4.9 (2.5) |
3.9 (2.5) |
0.50 |
| REY |
Baseline |
25.7 (9.0) |
25.5 (10.8) |
|
| |
1 year |
25.1 (10.1) |
21.4 (13.8) |
0.5 |
| |
2 years |
22.1 (10.6) |
17.2 (24.2) |
|
| Benton Line Orientation Test |
Baseline |
20.6 (7.6) |
19.8 (9.1) |
|
| |
1 year |
18.8 (9.8) |
17.2 (9.7) |
|
| |
2 years |
17.7 (9.5) |
16.1 (10.3) |
|
| WCST |
Baseline |
41.5 (8.3) |
36.9 (7.7) |
|
| |
1 year |
41.3 (8.8) |
35.3 (10.3) |
|
| |
2 years |
36.6 (9.3) |
32.6 (10.1) |
|
| Boston Naming Test |
Baseline |
22.2 (5.4) |
20.9 (6.3) |
|
| |
1 year |
20.3 (6.7) |
17.5 (7.5) |
0.50 |
| |
2 years |
18.7 (8.3) |
13.3 (8.5) |
0.60 |
| Semantic Fluency |
Baseline |
12.4 (4.4) |
10.1 (4.3) |
|
| |
1 year |
10.6 (5.1) |
7.9 (4.2) |
|
| |
2 years |
8.9 (4.2) |
5.8 (4.0) |
|
| FAS |
Baseline |
31.6 (12.7) |
24.8 (11.6) |
|
| |
1 year |
30.3 (11.6) |
21.3 (13.2) |
0.73 |
| 2 years | 24.0 (11.8) | 17.6 (12.1) | ||
BDS, Backward Digit Span; DRS, Dementia Rating Scale; FAS Controlled Word Association Test; REY, Rey–Osterreith Complex Figure Test; VR2, delayed visual reproduction; WCST Wisconsin Card Sort Test.