Table 1.
Gait changes of subjects susceptible to vHI.
| Gait domain | Parameter | Mean value (STPS, balcony) | Mean value (STPS, laboratory) | Height (balcony/laboratory) | Condition | Height x Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pace/ | Velocity [m/sec] | 1.03 ± 0.08 | 1.26 ± 0.07 | F(1, 15) = 22.8, p = 0.0003 | F(1, 7) = 12.5, p = 0.0094 | F(7, 31) = 11.2, p = 0.0013 |
| Rhythm | Cadence [m−1] | 103 ± 5 | 117 ± 4 | F(1, 15) = 15.0, p = 0.0014 | F(1, 7) = 15.1, p = 0.0003 | F(7, 31) = 16.7, p = 0.0002 |
| Stride length [m] | 1.15 ± 0.05 | 1.33 ± 0.05 | F(1, 15) = 12.8, p = 0.0028 | F(1, 7) = 25.6, p = 0.0000 | F(7, 31) = 31.9, p = 0.0000 | |
| Cycle | Stride time [s] | 1.20 ± 0.06 | 1.02 ± 0.04 | F(1, 15) = 6.1, p = 0.0264 | F(1, 7) = 10.4, p = 0.0012 | F(7, 31) = 9.0, p = 0.0019 |
| Support | Double support percentage [%] | 31.2 ± 1.4 | 22.6 ± 1.0 | F(1, 15) = 43.2, p = 0.0000 | F(1, 7) = 24.5, p = 0.000 | F(7, 31) = 21.5, p = 0.0001 |
| Base of support [m] | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | F(1, 15) = 25.8, p = 0.0001 | F(1, 7) = 6.8, p = 0.0051 | F(7, 31) = 6.7, p = 0.0050 | |
| Variability | CV of stride time [%] | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | F(1, 15) = 11.1, p = 0.0046 | F(1, 7) = 6.2, p = 0.0073 | F(7, 31) = 3.7, p = 0.0377 |
| CV of stride length [%] | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | F(1, 15) = 27.5, p = 0.0001 | F(1, 7) = 30.6, p = 0.0000 | F(7, 31) = 21.9, p = 0.0000 | |
| CV of base of support [%] | 18.6 ± 2.6 | 19.2 ± 2.0 | F(1, 15) = 0.4, p = 0.5550 | F(1, 7) = 2.6, p = 0.0888 | F(7, 31) = 2.8, p = 0.0755 |
Table 1 depicts the results of the two-way ANOVA model with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis for height stimulus and gait conditions. The parameters were described as mean values and standard errors, grouped into gait domains on the basis of Lord et al. (2013). The results of the ANOVA model are presented for the factors “height” and “condition,” and for the interaction effect “height x conditions.” The main factors have significant effects on all examined gait parameters except of the mediolateral variability marker (CV of base of support), as does the interaction factor “height x condition.” Further results of the decomposition of the interaction factor are presented in Table 2.
STPS, single task walking with preferred speed; CV, coefficient of variation.